Ditte’s reaction-application-Deacon’s process in halogen chemistry

Ditte’s reaction in halogen chemistry

I₂ O₅ is a powerful oxidizing agent, which oxidize CO molecule in quantitative analysis to convert CO₂ molecule along with molecular iodine .

The quantitative titration of this I₂ by standard  sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) solution , using starch indicator , the quantity of CO  can be measured .

The reaction of I₂ O₅ with carbon monoxide ( CO ) , is known a Ditte’s reaction's .

Ditte’s  reaction application .

This reaction is used to measure the little amount of CO in air or any other gaseous  mixture .

This reaction is so sensitive that it can determine one portion of CO in 30000 portion of air .

What is Deacon’s process ?

The chemical process , through which hydrogen chloride gas is oxidized by air oxygen in the presence of cupric chloride catalyst , under 723 K temperature, is known as Deacon’s reaction .

In this process hydrogen chloride gas is oxidized by air oxygen to produced chlorine  gas . That is Deacon’s process is used to prepare  chlorine gas from HCl gas .

Why ClF₃ exist but FCl₃ does not exist ?

The electronic configuration of fluorine and bromine atom is shown below respectively .

F –atom ,  1s2, 2s2, 2p5  .

Cl –atom , 1s2 , 2s2, 2p6 , 3s2 , 3p5  .

From the above electronic configuration , it is found that chlorine atom has vacant  d-orbital in its valence shell .

As a result , chlorine atom can expand its octet by using vacant  d-orbital and easily exhibits +3 oxidation state . For  this reason ClF₃ can exist .

On the other hand , fluorine atom have no vacant d-orbital in its valence shell. Due to absent of d-orbital , fluorine can not  expand its octet .

Consequently ,  FCl₃ does not exist . Besides , being very strong electronegative , fluorine  can not show +3 oxidation state .

Oxoacid of fluorine

Generally fluorine does not form  oxoacid . The most well known oxoacid of fluorine is HOF . 

Although HOF is a very unstable molecule . It is dissociate very easily giving HF and oxygen molecule .

Again HOF does not form any salt or does not produced H ⁺ ion . These experiment does not support the positive oxidation state of fluorine in HOF . 

Yet, HOF oxidize H₂O to H₂O₂ .This reaction certainly support the +1 oxidation state of fluorine in HOF molecule . So it has been taking +1 oxidation state of fluorine in HOF molecule .

Summary :

What is Ditte's reaction in halogen chemistry ?

Ditte's reaction application .

What is Deacon's reaction ?

Oxoacid of fluorine is very unstable ,why ? 

Why ClF₃ exist but FCl₃ does not exist ?

Halogen elements-definition-properties and reactivity .